What does concentration refer to in a solution?

Concentration in a solution specifically refers to the amount of solute relative to the amount of solvent. This concept is fundamental in understanding how substances interact in a solution, as it defines how much of a particular chemical (the solute) is present in a given volume of the liquid (the solvent).

For example, if you have a saltwater solution, the concentration indicates how much salt is dissolved in a specific volume of water. A higher concentration means more solute is present, which can affect various properties of the solution, such as its boiling point, freezing point, and conductivity.

Understanding concentration is crucial in fields like chemistry, environmental science, and water treatment, as it helps in assessing the quality and suitability of water for different uses.